The Product
The Bearing is a machine element used in rotating parts of virtually
every machine. The precision in dimensions form a key factor
to the performance of the machine. Rotation movement is an indispensable
characteristic in utilizing mechanical power. Modern bearing
is a highly sophisticated piece of Mechanical engineering. It
is a critical components of an equipment that rotates. The cost
of a bearing in a machine is minimal but its importance to the
machine is vital. Therefore, bearing technology plays a strategic
role in Industrial Development.
Bearing permit smooth low friction rotary or linear movement
between two surfaces. It employs either a sliding or a rolling
action. If we could reduce friction by only 10% in all the rolling
bearing in use today, it would mean an energy saving equivalent
to the combined out put of. Not less than 25 large Nuclear Power
Stations. Bearing can be broadly classified into two segments
:-
Bimetal
Antifriction - Bearings
Bimetal bearings (also known as engine bearings) are primarily
used in engines of automobiles or machines. The bearings are
meant to reduce the friction between the moving parts of the
engine crankshaft or crank shaft or associated support surfaces.
Antifriction Bearings include Ball Bearings and Roller Bearings.
Roller bearings can further be subdivided into tapered roller.
Cylindrical roller, Needle roller, thrust bearings and other
special application bearings. The main components of an antifriction
bearing are the inner race (ring), the other race (ring) the
rolling elements, cages (retainers) and seals.
Industry Structure :-
The Indian Bearing Industry is estimated at Rs. 46.00 billion.
The Industry has established a highly developed production range
of around 1000 type of bearings having high volume demand.
The bearing Industry in India can be divided into three segments;
the organized sector, comprising 12 leading manufacturers, primarily
cater to the OEM Segment which are predominantly automotive,
Railway and other Industrial users. The estimated output of
the organized sector is Rs. 25.00 billion.
The unorganized sector includes the small scale manufacturers
and manufacturers of spurious bearings. The unorganized sector
contributes to about 19% of the total Industry turn over. The
unorganized sector players have a strong regional presence and
mainly cater to the needs of the replacement markets. The estimated
turn over is about Rs. 9.00 billion.
The imports are about 25% of the total demand of the industry,
while about 18% import comes through official channels. There
is also estimated 8% illegal imports. Legal imports generally
represent the specialized / super precision bearings not manufactured
in India. Illegal imports generally represent the entry of spurious
imports of bearings. The legal imports is about Rs. 8.00 billion
while the spurious imports is about Rs. 4.00 billion.
The Status of Industry :
There are 12 leading manufactures in organized sector located
at Rajasthan, Gujarat, Maharastra, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka,
Tamil Nadu, West Bengal and Jharkhand.
The small scale units manufacturing bearing are mainly concentrated
in Rajasthan and Gujarat having 15 and 50 units respectively.
The bearing manufacturing units are also present in Delhi, Punjab,
and Maharastra. The state of Rajasthan has major concentration
of about 100 bearing components manufacturing units with 1000
to 1200
vendors carrying out turning job work. There are substantial
No. of component manufacturing units in Gujarat, Maharastra,
West Bengal and Punjab also. The bearing component manufacturing
units are the vendors of organized sector, and unorganized sector
bearing manufacturing units for supply of inner & outer races,
balls, rollers, cages, seals, retainers & rivets. These components
are also exported to Europe, United States of America and other
global customers.
There are about 450 to 500 number of spurious bearing assembling
units situated in the State of Punjab, Delhi and Gujarat, eating
the market of organized & unorganized sector players.
Investment
The industry is highly capital intensive. The total capital
investment in the organized sector is about Rs. 25.00 billion
with an annual installed capacity of 304 Million Bearings.
The capital investment in the unorganized sector is estimated
at Rs. 5.00 billion. The units assembling spurious bearings
in unorganized sector has the estimated investment of Rs. 150
Million.
The investment in bearing components manufacturing unit is estimated
at Rs. 900 Million. The majority of units fall in 0.2 million
to 5 million investment range.
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